Historic Reform of German Citizenship: Recent Changes

The representatives of the German Bundestag have taken a significant step towards simplifying access to German citizenship. Last Friday, January 19, 2024, the bill to modernize citizenship legislation (20/9044) was approved by a margin of 382 votes in favor, 234 against and 23 abstentions. This decision, based on the recommendations of the Internal Committee (20/10093), which also incorporated some modifications to the original draft, marks a notable change in the landscape of citizenship in Germany.

One highlight was the rejection of the amendment tabled by MEPs Gökay Akbulut and Martina Renner (20/10095) by the majority. In addition, a request entitled “Preserving the Value of German Citizenship” (20/9764) from the CDU/CSU was rejected, with the SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen and FDP voting against, the AfD abstaining and the Union approving. This request called for the abandonment of the federal government’s proposed changes to citizenship legislation.

The federal government’s bill brings significant changes. Now, dual citizenship will generally be accepted during the naturalization process. In addition, the period of residence required to apply for citizenship has been reduced from eight to five years, and may be even shorter (three years) in cases of notable contributions to integration.

Another highlight is the explicit commitment to the Constitution’s Basic Democratic Order as a requirement for naturalization. The legislation seeks to clarify that “anti-Semitic, racist actions or actions motivated by any form of disrespect for human dignity” are incompatible with the fundamental principles of the Constitution.

The reform also addresses obstacles to naturalization, prohibiting it in cases of polygamy and when there is a demonstration of disrespect for gender equality established in the Constitution. In addition, an increase in security checks is planned.

There are also exceptions for guest workers and contract workers, who do not have to take a naturalization test and only have to prove their oral knowledge of German.

These changes, however, were not accepted by all political sectors. The CDU/CSU argued that the federal government’s proposals ignore the migration crisis and integration problems, advocating a more cautious and realistic approach to the development of citizenship legislation.

This reform marks a historic moment for German citizenship, reflecting contemporary complexities and the search for a more inclusive approach in line with the country’s fundamental principles. The discussion on identity and integration will continue to play a crucial role in the evolution of this legislation.

Source: Bundestag